Confucius and Confucianism Mohism is the first public opposition. Confucian ritual want to influence politics through the implementation, maintenance and rehabilitation of cultural and ritual rites and music system, Mohists the warrior and knight want a rational explanation of professional ethics and norms. In fact represent the Confucian and Mohist was the most ideal, most ambitious and most ethical group of people, among them the outstanding elements of society, and therefore no way that the era of the world, both for time bound society out of treatment prescription. Confucius was so out of what the social prescriptions, prescriptions could save the time of his society? Professor Yi Zhongtian, Xiamen University, about the series of programs for your pre-Qin Confucianism and philosophers contending second battle of the society a prescription to come? Energy. Confucius himself believed to Confucius's followers and admirers are also thought to. Confucius once passed by a city, a small city called device, liturgical instruments. The device inside the city official called the instrument a small seal people, who do what is closed, we have to figure out what is Limits how to do it? Is to use the plow to dig a ditch, and then plow it turned out the soil on both sides, and then turned out in the soil above the trees, this action is called closure. Xinjiang after this closure, we do not call border province it? Be a border, closed the Xinjiang later designated a leader, this is called the building, What instruments are sealed, that is, the instrument throughout the city seal, border, above the trees that person to manage, is a small border control officials. The man he is a After Confucius came to see him, of course, see the end after he got out, the students of Confucius, said, it? That students ah, you will not find a job because half past one to despair, your teacher is too great, and now there is no justice and moral world is already too long, God is to let your teacher out when wood Duo ah. What is wood Duo it? Is the metal tongue of wood bell, is a wooden bell, the bell's tongue, but there is a metal. Official travel in ancient time, to shake the bell, what an important time of the order must be issued shake the bell. The apparatus seal said, God is to let your teacher when the world of the bell, the wooden duo, that is, the world is no way, God is to let your teacher to for good, to speak on behalf of the day, too great.
then such an identity of the person, facing a problem of society to find a course he's prescription to solve social problems, right? This prescription find it? Confucius found, then the prescription Confucius opened out? Confucius, of course, open out. Then open up the prescription after it work? It does not work. But hey, many people have said future works, until now there are people ready to take the prescription to save us now social diseases, including diseases of Western society, said that the medicine can save Confucius. We would like to know whether this was used, and later works, also people think that you can save today to save the West this drug is it? Confucius's prescription is very simple, only one word: Ren.
What is benevolence? Love, benevolence is to love others. Confucius, who said this statement is? Fan Chi, is the answer to the question of his students when Fan Chi said. Fan Chi What is the student? We talked earlier, scolded the students. Confucius four students enjoy this special treatment, in which a man named Ran You, can be beaten by Confucius said, the future, we say. There are three are scolded, Zi, Zai Yu, Fan Chi. Fan Chi Why scolded it? As Fan Chi to learn agriculture, Fan Chi told his teacher, the teacher you teach me food, I will not; teacher you teach me to grow vegetables it will not, be done Confucius criticized villain. Fan Chi in the All five questions, once asked the filial piety, once asked the practice, three asked Jen, Jen asked the three of them twice, wise, very satisfied with Confucius, a good student. Fan Chi asked Confucius, then three times to what is benevolence, asked about benevolence. Why is that only love is the definition of benevolence, because the student asked Confucius defined Jen generally do not ask, we were learning the Chinese people and now is not the same, do not like to define, and are asking how to do, in fact, the so-called We read Jen how to be able to do, we'll tell you later, here we talk about what is benevolence. Fan Chi asked Jen to Confucius, Confucius said that love, Fan Chi asked what is the wisdom, the wisdom of wisdom, Confucius said Zhiren. Then how about it? Fan Chi less than that Fan Chi did not understand. Do not know what that means, it seems that this student is a problem. Confucius also explained that the ten words, Move is to take up, wrong is put straight is straight, is bent in vain. Upright all in vain, is to put one thing straight on something of a turn, make vain are straight, we can make this bent of things straight out. Understand? Gentlemen, not to mention a loss Fan Chi hear, we have listened to are confused, the kernel ah, intellectual, ah, anything to do ah? What things on the straight and curved top, curved to straight? Fan Chi did not dare to ask, you do not understand, this group of students dare to ask ah, how do? Asked the students go back to chanting. Q. Which students? Zixia. Students ah sub Xiacong Ming Zi Xia reading very, very good. Asked Zixia, I asked the teacher what is the kernel, what is the wisdom, the teacher said, straight into the bend of the above, the bend on the straight, what does that mean? Zi Xia said, Oh, our teacher is too great, you are really stupid ah, how can you be so stupid, ah, ah the teacher that if a good rich content, ah, you think about Kan Ma, when ah, those deities, Shang Tang Wang, ah, What emperor ah, they are holy people how to do it? The sea is elected among the people to elect the most wise people as officials, who are not wise, and unscrupulous people are gone, this means that this is Zixia explanation. After the injection, above, wise people who do not run away, those bad guys, a traitor, ah, ah villains are not running, and are so explained. But I always felt that the interpretation issue, ah, because, according to this interpretation, the words of Confucius should be this: all the upright in vain, in vain who can not, or who can go in vain, in vain who can not straight, you should say promote the wise man up on top of that villain, villain becomes a gentleman, and so Caixing ah. Variable gentleman it? Gentleman has not changed, ah, run away. So I think this place can not have such an explanation because the Zi Xia, and you follow such interpretation. I suggest it to explain why? The Replaced with the correct approach wrong, we can correct the error. Say this should be relatively Messenger. If you say this, Confucius is the prescription,UGG shoes, and is not chaos? No way the world is not it? Not have a lot of errors? So we are now to correct the wrong way is the right thing to promote it, mistakes corrected. This is the prescription.
good, then the following have a problem, what is straight, what is vain, what is right and what is wrong? Confucius said that Li is straight, Eli is correct. Why? For this ceremony, courtesy of the ceremony, it also is the reason the reason. Know a little common sense knows that exegesis of the ancient Chinese called this the principle of exegesis has a sound training that word is pronounced the same, it will have to contact. So courtesy of the ceremony and the truth is interlinked with it, courtesy those reasons are, why we talk about manners, etiquette talk about it? Because it is the reason, it is the truth, it is the principle, it is the truth. With the manager to to how what? On the straight, straight Well the truth is, truth also is bent it? Truth is straight, you learn the truth in meritorious straight on how to straighten it? Fierce. So rational is straight, straighten is fierce. Since we believe that our management is the truth, we all confidently upright in vain, can confidently. Well, then asked, how upright all in vain, how do you do? Confucius also has an answer, two words: Kejifuli. What is Kejifuli it? The usual explanation is that restrain myself, and recovery Zhou, which is general, we read But that which explains there is a problem that we just talked about the rationale used to be something straight Well, I think that this argument is the truth, because it is the truth, I was confidently to achieve it, why should I wronged ourselves? I do not wronged ah. Why should I restrain myself? I do not exercise restraint, ah, this problem ah. Therefore, some scholars have explained that the We do not seek a conclusion of this ceremony, the various explanations that I tell you.
I have the following question, then how do we Kejifuli it?
(voice-over: the Confucian view, the treatment of the Society of the prescription is The ceremony to replace the incorrect indecent assault. Well, if the upright according to Confucius all in vain, how can we do this then?)
Confucius said, can Kejifuli. Confucius's words were As long as you Kejifuli, we Dukua you're a good man. Some say as long as you Kejifuli, the people of the world and are back to this era of benevolence, etc., we do not go to hell. All in all, for the ritual of the kernel. Therefore, Confucius said, What is the music it? Music is a musical instrument? No, what is it? Is the kernel, is love. It is for this, Confucius and his students called Zai Yu have an unpleasant debate. Zai Yu also said before the student in front of us is a bitch bitch because sleeping during the day, was blamed fiercely head of Confucius, and said I do not know how to call you, call him a garbage after garbage Ma Wan I do not know how to curse said to do. But this bitch Zai Yu, as we have said before, is an admirer of Confucius, Confucius said that we are great than Yao and Shun, but also his. Confucius studied under this man belongs in the . The students of the faculty speech is Zai Yu, students of the faculty he articulate speech, ah, so he make things difficult for his old teacher. He had a, ah, he told his teacher a problem, but also asked about benevolence. Another student asked Jen, are respectful of the teacher, may I ask what is the kernel, ask me how to do jen, Confucius said, ah, how do you how how. Zai Yu so he does not ask a hypothetical question he was out. Teacher ah, if a person tells you that a good man fall to the well, would not you jump? Reminds me a lot of girls like to mention the kind of assumption questions, the girls always ask her boyfriend, your mother and I are off into the water, you first save the Who? How do you answer No, you know, it is bad in this topic how do you answer is wrong. You say I should save my mother, you do not love me, I said I first save you, even people who do not love your mother, but also love me? The Zai Yu is also out of such a subject, he asked his teacher, you jump and not jump, you jump do not jump? Guess how Confucius answered, can guess? Confucius said, not so ask, do not you ask questions, how can you assume it? You can realistically say that what happened can not be assumed. Confucius said, Confucius said, You can ask him that a gentleman, you as a gentleman, you should have any moral requirement, you can ask him, but you can not trap, you can not order the test he is not a gentleman, you really get people inside the plug that well, so that he jump off, you called framing. You can trick him, can not fool him. Well you can not that it was empty, and you tell him you are not a good man, tell you that a good man down, you can go on, you can not flicker. Besides the well there was a man, a gentleman will certainly be saved, he does not have to jump, he can hit 110 Well. How can you do out of this topic, to make things difficult for him? Zai Yu lost the debate this time.
another back, Zai Yu and go to Confucius,bailey UGG boots, and said the teacher, ah, three years of mourning for too long now! What is three years of mourning? Is the parents after the death of his son's mourning for three years to do. This year it should Pimadaixiao, what is Phi Ma it? Is to use the thickest of the thickest linen, and can not cut, do clothes, use ax blow, cutting edge was the irregular, and then the side can not be sewn up, to bare, ragged, worn who make clothes, called Phi Ma. Wearing a white cloth and then called the mourning. To tie a rope above the waist, what does that mean? I am sad that my parents have passed away could not eat, and stand up, pants to fall down. And pestle called Kusang Bang stick, what does that mean? I'm hungry not stand, too sad, and three years. Strictly speaking, is the father of three, his mother a year, and when his mother died so linen is sewn edge. We vague to three years of mourning for, and to be so for three years. This is disruptive students Zai Yu Well, Zai Yu went to say that this is also too long. Confucius say too long, you say how long ah? Just one year, Chen also finished rice, new rice harvest is also, just in one year. Ignition of wood with the diamonds that have been changed four times, and just the right year. It also does not matter, the key is to make a counter Zai Yu mourning three years there is a legitimate reason, how can he say? I have three Pimadaixiao, we can not salute, and can not be fun, it was not too bad of fun ceremony collapse it? This guy, this may not teach students, not the words of Confucius, ah. This justification is not down by barge, had to do ideological work of Confucius, the Confucius said Zai Yu ah, your parents died less than three years, you eat white rice, wear nice clothes, do you think my heart feel better it? Zai Yu said, feel better, ah, Ann. There is no way of Confucius, Confucius said, You want to know why we have such a system? Because a gentleman after the death of his parents, his heart is very sad, delicious meals he ate up a little taste at all. Good music passed over, he simply told no. Live in a comfortable bed, he could not sleep. So he did not do those things, he does not eat a good meal, do not wear clothes, do not listen to music and kept a good house, you now find peace of mind, you do not have any discomfort, then you do Well. You eat your rice, wear your nice clothes, listen to your music well, it broke up ah. Zai Yu did not say, because to this debate with the teacher, but also stop the debate go on.
Zai Yu went out, went out after Confucius said, born three years later to grow to his father and mother did not hold him, and he did his walk independently. Therefore, the final Confucius said, Three types of translation,UGG boots cheap, the first one is angry, angry tone, Zai Yu Do not get in there, three years his parents love it? Well you should be too. Since you have been, why do you oppose the three years of mourning, angry. The second is the tone of regret, Zai Yu Zai Yu ah ah, you do not get from their parents over three years, love you, how can you be opposed to three years of mourning it? Too bad, man can not do that, ah, this second. The third is a sympathetic tone, Zai Yu Zai Yu ah, is he did not get the love of three years, ah, of course, may or parents died early,Discount UGG boots, ah, ah he is an orphan, or the parents probably do not love him ah, have not been before, of course you can be forgiven, can understand you are against three years of mourning. Three explanations, all pass the three translations. But no matter what kind of translation in the final analysis you are saying is that three years of mourning the love of three years in return, no matter what explanation, this conclusion can be out. That is what? That is what Jen, Jen is love and be loved in return, love is to return that love in return is the kernel. Therefore, Confucius said, it? Well not seriously. So Confucius said that On your own. See if you have love. This is the interpretation of Confucius jen, then the basis of such an explanation, and he so what to treat the social disease? Such a love and be loved in return, how it may rule that the society of the disease?
(voice-over: the Confucian view, as long as capable of . But this has created a new problem, we rely on to Kejifuli it, Confucius gives the answer, which he believes is really can save the Society of the disease do?)
original view of Confucius, when the society out of what disease? Ceremony collapse bad music, rituals, music system collapsed. Rite System crashes dead out of the problem with the system? Confucius say it is not, it is a problem with people is a problem of human nature is that people do not love the beginning, people do not know how to return the love. Son did not love his father, the father did not love my son, do not patriotic Jun courtiers, do not love the subjects as the monarch. The result is what? Jun Jun is not, Robinson is not minister, the father is not Father, the Son is not Son. If you love each other, then there will not be the problem. So save the society at that time the only way the disease, but also the way of least resistance, two words: get back love. Each one shows his love to come back and do his son's love of parents, parents love my son, do the subjects as love of monarchy, so the love of the subjects as a gentleman, the world is full of love, as long as the world is full of love, all social issues are resolved the. Yes ah, ah makes sense, you have to admit that it makes sense, if we all really love each other, what the problem ah? No problem. The problem is that love it find a back? Confucius said, find a back, why find a come back? Love in your heart, it was originally in the hearts of everyone. In every heart what is it? Is the kiss of love, what is a kiss of love? Love their parents, love their children, love their brothers and sisters. Confucius believed that such a love is born with each person, is not education. Think about it, we talk about motherly love, motherly love needs education? A child is born, the mother, I believe there are many TV viewers are in front of mother, your child is born, you have to, through education, you will love him? I have been to the maternity ward, cutting those children are born, to be honest did not look good, like a mouse-like. Looked at all mothers, to flow out of the vision of all is love, not education. If even this should be education, it also Jiaoren it? That animal, animal not as good as. Even animals have maternal love, the hens are aware, the eagle came, and chicken wings are under the drill, patrol, this also education? This does not need education. And Confucius, this thing is so honest and reliable, the most reliable.
Ye have a dialogue between Confucius and leaves what is it? Chu Ye is a county, when the rules Chu County Executive called the large public, County Executive called the small length, the county called the county public and a small county called the county. Ye Ye County is the county leader, is satirizes those who profess the leaves. Ye just like Confucius say: We have many people very straight, someone stole his father's sheep, the son immediately went to do a report, you say this person is not good, very honest ah? Confucius said that if we tell you straight there, straight here, not the same, we are there has always been implicit parent for the child, child parent hidden, straight at them. We should be out there with this, do the affirmation to his son without telling his father not to report, but also perjury, which can be called straight. We do not understand these words over and over again, you say implicit parent for the child is a loving father hidden child is filial piety, that we can understand. So how can they direct it? This is how real name is it? Because Confucius, the true real and we do not, we talk about today is the true physical reality, the true facts, Confucius said is the real psychological and emotional reality. And Confucius, the real psychological, emotional, physical reality than the real truth and facts. People is the most reliable, he committed a crime that a father, his son was instinctively putting his father without the knowledge, that is real reliable. He also does not work the program at the time of Confucius about travel around the world go around, love love ah ah, so that the world is full of love ah, who do not listen to him. Qi Jinggong say, you say well, but as you do, I eat less than the mouth of the meal, or do not have him. Eight Yiwu their country of Confucius on the court, Confucius are unable to manage their own country. Prescription at the time so he will not help, because not work, why we have a prescription from another doctor, for example, Mo Tzu, Mo Tzu's prescription and then any of it? We next revisit.
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